In this study, the Fe3O4@SiO2/LS magnetic nanocomposite was used as an economical and suitable adsorbent to remove toxic metals Pb2+ and Cd2+ from an aqueous environment. The lipohydrophilic properties of the magnetic nanocomposite result in expansive multiphase activities, suitable dispersion, high collectability with a magnetic field, and physicochemical properties such as a high adsorption capacity for toxic metals Pb2+ and Cd2+. The properties of the nanocomposite were determined using methods such as FESEM-EDX, FT-IR, VSM, and XRD. To investigate the effects of the parameters influencing the adsorption process such as pH, adsorbent mass, contact time, initial concentration of Pb2+, and initial concentration of Cd2+, we used the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD). The optimal conditions for removing Pb2+ up to 98% and Cd2+ up to 86% were obtained at pH=5.6, with 0.0318g adsorbent for initial concentrations of Pb2+ and Cd2+ (21, 21.01 ppm respectively), and a contact time of 8 minutes. In addition, the maximum adsorption capacity for the toxic metal ions Pb2+ and Cd2+ (0.996, 0.962 respectively) shows an expert fitting with the Langmuir isotherm model. The suitable kinetic model for both Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions is of the pseudo-second-order type. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The magnetic nanocomposite exhibited a very good performance in real water sample tests. The examination of the reusability studies based on the recovery percentages showed that the Fe3O4/SiO2/LS magnetic nanocomposite has a significant performance after 5 adsorption-desorption cycles.