The casting method prepared a nanocomposite of (PAA-PVA/Ag) in different concentrations of the nanomaterial (Ag) represented by 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%. The structural, morphological, optical, and antibacterial characteristics were studied. Analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) data showed that all of the films made were semicrystalline. The optical microscope (OM) proved the silver nanoparticles form a continuous network within the blend at a concentration of 8 wt.%. SEM measurements show that the surface morphology of the (PAA-PVA/Ag) nanocomposite films is homogeneous and coherent, with chunks or aggregates spread around randomly. Optical measurement showed an increase in the absorbance with an increase in the nanomaterial concentration, while the transmission and energy gap decreased. Also, the coefficient of absorption, extinction coefficient, refractive index, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constants, and optical conductivity rises with the rising content of Ag nanoparticles. Lastly, the results showed that (PAA-PVA/Ag) nanostructures are good candidates for use in nanodielectrics and photonics because they are inexpensive, flexible, lightweight, and have good optical and electronic characteristics compared to other nanocomposites and inhibition zone for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria increased with increasing the contents of Ag nanoparticles.