University of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Design and Preparation of Ag2Se Nanostructures and Investigation of Their Physical and Chemical Properties11411470710.22052/JNS.2025.01.001ENAhmad AbdAl HussienDepartment of Physics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University (ASMU), Tabriz, 53751 71379, IranKazemJamshidi-GhalehDepartment of Physics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University (ASMU), Tabriz, 53751 71379, IranKahtan A.MohammedFaculty of Pharmacy, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, IraqFarzanehBayatDepartment of Physics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University (ASMU), Tabriz, 53751 71379, IranJournal Article20240929The ongoing research involves the synthesis of nanocomposites incorporated into polymer materials and investigating their linear, nonlinear, structural, and form optical properties for applications in the field of nonlinear optics. The addition of nanocomposites to polymer materials can enhance and improve many properties, making them appropriate for a wide range of applications. The utilisation of additive nanocomposite manufacturing is highly advantageous in the domain of nonlinear optics (NLO) and its various applications, primarily due to its significant nonlinear response and extensive spectral transparency. Three nanocomposites, namely Ag2Se+PVA, Ag2Se+PMMA, and Ag2Se+PEO, were synthesised using chemical methods. The characterisation of these compounds was performed using XRD, FESEM, EDX, FTIR, RSS, and PL techniques. The UV-VIS spectra were used to study the linear optical characteristics of all the generated samples at various concentrations by adding different polymers. The findings indicated a positive correlation between increasing concentrations and higher absorbance at the same wavelength. Moreover, the Ag2Se+PVA compound exhibited greater absorption compared to the two preceding compounds. The fluorescence of all generated samples was quantified, and the findings indicated an inverse relationship between concentration and fluorescence, whereby an increase in concentration led to a decrease in fluorescence. The nonlinear calculations involved utilising the Z-Scan technique in two scenarios: open aperture and closed aperture. This was done to determine the values of the nonlinear refractive index (n2) and the nonlinear absorption coefficient (β). The Ag2Se+PVA compound exhibited superior nonlinear behaviour compared to the two prior compounds. The tests were conducted using a solid-state pump diode laser with a wavelength of 405 nm and a power output of 2.94 mW.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114707_064665fda3956e7906ec296e7d097941.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Impact of Green Synthesized Hematite Nanoparticles Loaded Calcitriol on Anemia Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Male Rats152211470810.22052/JNS.2025.01.002ENAsawer KareemALsadoonDepartment of Basic Science, College of Dentistry, University of Wasit, Wasit, IraqJafar AbassAl-MaamoriDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Wasit, Wasit, IraqAhmed MahdiRheimaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20240917Anemia is a common difficulty in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and promotes morbidity and mortality and lowers the quality of life. Most patients get oral or intravenous iron supplementation and erythropoiesis-stimulating medications. Therapy aims to improve renal function and red blood cell production. For chronic kidney disease anemia, erythropoiesis-stimulating medications and iron supplements are recommended. Oxides (hematite–α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were synthesized by an eco-friendly method using basil leaf extract. Calcitriol was loaded onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles by the physical adsorption process. Then, rats with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease caused by adenine orally (100 mg/kg) for 60 days, were treated by calcitriol (0.16 mg/kg). Fe2O3NPs (200 mg/kg) and Fe2O3 NPs loaded Calcitriol, for 28 days. The albino rats were divided into five groups: control, G1 infected with CKD without treatment, G2 treated with calcitriol only, G3 treated with Fe2O3NPS only, and G4 treated with calcitriol loaded on Fe2O3NPs. The results showed a significant increase in serum levels (Hb, folate, B12, TIBC, and UIBC), and no significant difference appeared in serum ferritin and iron levels. Iron oxide nanoparticles can effectively treat anemia, and loading calcitriol onto iron oxide increases its effectiveness.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114708_9e4e8eb349bb47711ff811144603c0a4.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Photocatalytic Decomposition of Nigrosin Dye Using ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized By Co-Precipitate Method233111470910.22052/JNS.2025.01.003ENNarjis FadhalJihadDepartment of Chemistry , College of Science for Women , University of Babylon ,Hilla, IraqZaied A.A. MossaDepartment of Chemistry , College of Science for Women , University of Babylon ,Hilla, IraqHazim Y.Al-guburyDepartment of Chemistry , College of Science for Women , University of Babylon ,Hilla, IraqJournal Article20240903Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were produced in the form of a powder by co-precipitation synthesis method. The photocatalysts underwent characterization Employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The assessment of photocatalytic activity was conducted aqueous heterogeneous medium containing Nigrosin dye and ZnO NPs as photocatalyst in a batch reactor. An investigation was conducted to examine the many elements that influence. The efficacy of photocatalytic decomposition. These factors include amount of catalyst used, the initial concentration of dyes, the impact of H2O2, and the effect of temperature. The optimal concentration of Nigrosin dye equal 30 mg L−1, and catalyst concentration of 0.13 g /100mL. The activation energy for the photo degradation process calculated using the Arrhenius equation was equal to (30.36 KJ/mol).https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114709_dd1c087e158ef2429c17ba2bb1fdeff9.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Role of Ag/ZnO Nanoparticles for Removal of Pollutants from Aqueous Solutions: Characterization and Environmental Applications324211471310.22052/JNS.2025.01.004ENElaph SalihHadiDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Al-Muthanna, Al-Samawah, IraqKhawlaK. JasimDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Al-Muthanna, Al-Samawah, IraqJournal Article20240908ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are effectively produced using a straightforward, efficient, high-yield, and inexpensive mechanochemical combustion process at various calcination temperatures. The impact of calcination temperature on ZnO nanocomposites’ crystallinity has been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized ZnO and Ag/ZnO’s XRD patterns show a well-crystalline wurtzite ZnO crystal structure. The ZnO NPs peak position obtained at 300–600 ◦C calcination temperatures is nearly identical to the peak position of ZnO obtained at a temperature without calcination. This paper has discussed the hydrothermal method of ZnO NPs production and photodepostion of Ag-doped ZnO NPs. Additionally, the behavior of the ZnO and Ag/ZnO nanocomposites is thoroughly examined in relation to the effects of calcination temperature on Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and the measurement of specific surface area using the Bruner, Emmett, and Teller method.The absorption efficiency changed from 99.87% to 72.55% when the concentration of BB dye was increased from 10 to 50 ppm. Increasing the intensity of the UV light will improve the photocatalytic degradation and absorbance efficiency (PDE%) efficiency because the catalyst will receive more radiation, which will lead to the production of more hydroxide radicals .The photocatalytic efficiency increases from 77.7% to 97.7% in 1 h.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114713_a755f9349dd650d87c23880820f43bed.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Nonlinear Behavior CdS Thin Film Nanoparticles Photoresistor Sensor Changed with Annealing Temperature Preparation By a Thermal Evaporation Technique435311471410.22052/JNS.2025.01.005ENJasim M.AbbasDepartment of X-ray techniques, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20240917A study of the effect annealing on some structural, optical and electrical properties of pure CdS films on glass bases with thickness 150nm using thermal evaporation technique under pressure (4*10-5)Torr. Structural properties were studied using X-ray diffraction technology the CdS films were shown to have a polycrystalline structure of the cube type and the preferred path [111], also increases grain size with increasing annealing temperature. In the study of Hall Effect, we observed the mobility increases with increasing annealing temperature. From the study, the relationship between bias voltage and current we observed the current increases with increased annealing temperature and the intensity of light falling on photo resistor .the current of the photo resistor is doubling with the double intensity of light falling.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114714_41265bb4545aac90c91e761c51590be5.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Laser Technology Diagnostic and Radiology-Physics on Megawatts Pulse Laser546411471510.22052/JNS.2025.01.006ENHayder J.AbdulrahmanDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirkuk University, Kirkuk, Iraq0000-0003-1505-5007SuzanMohammedDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirkuk University, Kirkuk, IraqJournal Article20241002Primarily intended as a prototype at the front end of (PFE) for petawatt laser systems, the Pulsed Laser Multi-Megawatt (MGW) is a 1053nm system that combines the functionality of an eyepiece In a laser system, an eyepiece to functions primarily as an optical component designed to enable users to view and manipulate the laser beam or target accurately. Such as functionalities, Magnification, Beam Observation, Focus Adjustment, Safety, Targeting and Measurement, Alignment Aid. The addition of the target chamber and compressor (COMS) to the MGW enables the facility to be completely laser-based (energy output up to 120 J, + duration from 20 fs up to 2.8 ns) and dedicated to the evolution of physical technology and the investigation of its potential. The investigation is limited in time. Pulse laser and identify as goal. Other lasers have been added that support the expansion of extremely powerful lasers that are used as the basis for the system’s expansion and the creation of a Raman plasma at OPCPA. Other information is displayed about the diversity of scientific research at MGW.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114715_ce9da0e538b7dcaa21e533524dddfec1.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Morphological and Structural Analysis of ZnO-Doped TiO2 Nanostructures Via Low-Temperature CBD for Sensing Application657411472010.22052/JNS.2025.01.007ENHayder MousaNeamahCollege of Education, Department of Physics, University of Al-Qadisiyah, IraqHayderMohsin JasimCollege of Basic Education, Al-Mustansiriya University, IraqMohsinHamzah AbedMinistry of Education, IraqJournal Article20240813In this study, ZnO-TiO2 nanostructures were successfully synthesized via a low-temperature chemical bath deposition (CBD) method for NH₃ gas sensing applications. TiO₂ doping concentrations (5% and 20%) were investigated to optimize the sensing performance. Structural analysis verified hexagonal wurtzite ZnO and anatase TiO₂ formation. FE-SEM showed semi-spherical particles averaging 17.96 nm for ZnO and 39.1 nm for TiO₂. The gas sensing results demonstrated superior performance for the 20% TiO₂-doped sample, exhibiting a sensitivity of 135% at 100 ppm NH₃, compared to 110% for the 5% sample. Furthermore, the 20% TiO2-doped sensor showed enhanced response kinetics with a faster response time of 35 seconds and recovery time of 95 seconds, compared to 45 seconds and 120 seconds respectively, for the 5% sample. This improved performance is attributed to the formation of optimal n-n heterojunctions at the ZnO-TiO₂ interface, increased oxygen vacancies, and enhanced electron transport network, making the 20% TiO₂-doped ZnO nanostructure an efficient room-temperature NH₃ gas sensing material.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114720_41866b9878011103beff45f884426836.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Converting the Hematotoxicity of Doxorubicin to Antioxidant on Blood by Coating with PEGylated Chitosan Nanoparticles758711472110.22052/JNS.2025.01.008ENTuqa SamiAl-SalmaniDepartment of Pathological Analysis Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0001-8569-0730Hanaa NajiAbdullahDepartment of Pathological Analysis Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, IraqMayada NooriIqbalDepartment of Pathological Analysis Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20250919Doxorubicin (DOXO) is a potential antineoplastic agent used for treating several tumors. It has severe side effects on the hematological profile. Chitosan is an effective nano-carrier for delivering therapies. This study aims to convert the oxidative effect of DOXO to an antioxidant effect by coating it with chitosan nanoparticles (CsN). Three steps prepared this; (1) the CsN preparation, (2) the CsN coated with polyethylene glycol (CsN-PEG), and (3) the DOXO coating with CsN-PEG to produce DOXO-CsN-PEG polymers. The prepared polymers were characterized using AFM, FE-SEM, and TEM analysis techniques. The cytotoxicity was evaluated on human blood cells. The redox reaction was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The hemolysis percentage of blood treated with DOXO-CsN-PEG was less than 5% for all studied concentrations and no changing in red blood cells (RBCs) forms. The electrochemical study showed that the oxidation peak of blood was elevated when treated with DOXO, and decreased after treated with DOXO-CsN-PEG. The study concluded that the DOXO was converted from an oxidative agent to an antioxidant of blood when coated with CsN-PEG polymers.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114721_1eea6f3c7b84f0d1f403a2876bfb46b1.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Nano Schiff Base Metal Complexes: Antibacterial and Anticancer Potential Against Breast Cancer (MCF-7) Cells8810711472610.22052/JNS.2025.01.009ENHaider ObaidJamelDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, IraqMohammed ShakirMwaeaMinistry of Education, Directorate of Education Wasit, Wasit, IraqDuhaEidanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, IraqMakarim A.MahdiDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, IraqLayth SameerJasimDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, IraqJournal Article20240910The synthesized nano Schiff base ligand, 2-(((1E,2E)-2-((4-((E)-1-((4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)imino)ethyl)phenyl)imino)-1,2-diphenylethylidene)amino)phenol (DMTDP), and its metal complexes were evaluated for their biological activity and structural properties. DMTDP was synthesized in two steps, producing a compound with 79% yield and molecular formula C33H28N4OS. The metal complexes were formed by reacting DMTDP with various metals, such as Pd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Ag(I), and Cd(II), yielding colored complexes. The structural analysis was performed using UV-Vis, FTIR, and XRD spectroscopy, revealing octahedral and square-planar geometries for most metal complexes. The biological activity of the synthesized compounds was assessed against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. The palladium complex exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, while other complexes displayed moderate effectiveness. Cytotoxicity assays using the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line demonstrated that the palladium complex had significant cytotoxic effects, with an IC50 of 23.4 µg/mL. The complex also displayed selectivity, showing a higher IC50 (67.5 µg/mL) in normal cells, indicating its potential as an anticancer agent. These findings highlight the importance of Schiff base complexes in biomedical applications, suggesting that palladium-based complexes could serve as promising candidates for anticancer treatments.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114726_9f7cd92519c9429f539d5e83b716e2f7.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Effect of Zirconium Oxide Nanoscale on the Vitality and Phenotypic Characteristics of Fasciola Gigantica10811311472210.22052/JNS.2025.01.010ENRasha ShamilHussein Al-DouriDepartment of Life Sciences, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Tikrit, IraqJournal Article20241023Worms belonging to the genus Fasciola cause two types F.hepatica and F.gigantica disease known as openwork disease resulting in significant economic losses, as it affects domestic animals, especially cows, sheep and goats, and may infect humans with this disease accidentally. From the results of the research, there were significant differences in the lengths, width and total area of the body of the worms when compared with the control, as they were less valuable in the lengths of worms for the extract of zconium oxide at a concentration of 0.0015 and this indicates that it is more effective, While the largest value is zirconium oxide at a concentration of 0.01, this indicates that it has the lowest effect. As for the vitality of worms, the lowest value of zirconium oxide was 0.0015. While the highest value was zirconium oxide at a concentration of 0.01, as it reached 8.333, which indicates that it has the highest effect on the vitality of the parasite.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114722_57597ae6a4125a09bec0ed32b2307234.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101The Effects of Different Camphorquinone Concentrations on the Water Sorption and Solubility of an Experimental Green-Based Flowable Resin Composite11412111474310.22052/JNS.2025.01.011ENMing JieGanSchool of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MalaysiaAhmed I.AL-JoboryDepartment of Esthetic and Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Tikrit University, Tikrit, IraqAbdalbseet A.FatallaDepartment of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0001-5320-8559MatheelAL-RawasProsthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia0000-0001-6919-5334YantiJohariProsthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, MalaysiaNurul HanimOthmanProsthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, MalaysiaJohari YapAbdullahCraniofacial Imaging Laboratory, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MalaysiaDental Research Unit, Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IndiaTahir YusufNooraniDental Research Unit, Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IndiaConservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia0000-0002-4661-7458Journal Article20240913Water sorption (WS) and solubility (S) of the experimental flowable composites (EFCs), made from silica filler of rice husk are important to explore the reaction of EFCs against different oral environments. To investigate the effects of different camphorquinone concentrations on the WS and S of the EFCs. EFCs were fabricated from nanohybrid silica and involved different weights of camphorquinone (CQ) (0.03 g, 0.05 g and 0.075 g) and other materials. 3 groups of 7 disk-like samples of each of the three EFCs and Revolution Formula 2 (RF2) were tested. Before immersion, the volumes were recorded and the mass of each sample was recorded, as m1. During the immersion phase in three different media for 7 days, the weight was recorded as m2. During the drying phase at 37◦C for 7 days, the weight was recorded as m3. The WS and S of EFCs and RF2 were calculated and compared. Data from all tests were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett T3 tests at a significance level of 0.05. In all immersion media, WS and S of EFC CQ 0.05 were significantly higher than EFC CQ 0.03 and EFC CQ 0.075. However, the three experimental groups showed significantly higher values compared to RF 2 (p < 0.05). Although the outcomes were suboptimal, EFCs have the potential to be improved and be a sustainable product that can benefit the dental field and the environment. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114743_a26513d63c1d1f84a312ffac5572db40.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Analysis the Structure and Function of nsSNP of Interleukin 4 Gene by In-Silico Research12213311474410.22052/JNS.2025.01.012ENHamsaFaisal NajmCollege of Dentistry, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, IraqOsamaAbdulmunem K.Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Health and Medical Techniques, AL-Bayan University, Baghdad, IraqDunya JawadRidhaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Techniques, University of Dijlah, Baghdad, IraqMohammed I.JameelDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region, IraqDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20241016Interleukin-4 is a type II inflammatory response cytokine. It is an essential component of the inflammatory response caused by an invasive allergen or parasite. Also, IL-4plays a key role in the up growth of inflammation and asthma by boost RI expression of the CF epsilon in B cells, mast cells and basophils, promoting the survival and proliferation of mast cells, and inducing chemotaxis of mast cells, basophils and eosinophils. We used six bioinformatics tools in this study (SIFT, pMut, PANTHER, Polyphen-2, PHDSNP, and SNPs&GO) prediction of disease-sensitive non-synonymous SNPs of IL4, IL-4’s seven nsSNPs (V53A, A118G, M144T, G2D, L110R, N113Y, and C123R) are predicted to be potentially harmful. The 3D structure of the abnormal protein was modelled by (HOPE), and the interaction between protein/protein was evaluated by STRING. While, Kaplan–Meier Plotter showed that the deregulation of IL4 expression affects the survival rate of ovarian cancer patients. Thus, IL4 may be significant as a gene marker for certain cancers. Study resolved harmful nsSNPs of IL-4, which could engage to the degradation of IL4 proteins and eventually lead to IL4 related diseases. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114744_75ae5e9694f09d1985634b3e9a6656fd.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101New Approach to in situ Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Graphene reinforced Copper Matrix for Increasing Electrical Conductivity and Mechanical Properties13414911474510.22052/JNS.2025.01.013ENMisaghAlaie FaradonbehNanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, IranAlimoradRashidiNanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, IranZohalSafaei MahmoudabadiNanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, IranFatemehDodangehDepartment of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240921The chemical compatibility and successful formation of morphology of graphene sheet growth on the copper matrix were investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), EDS and mapping analysis tests, RAMAN spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also, the effects of individual process variables such as 0 to 900 cc/min methane gas flow rate, 0 to 45 minutes, and 1000 °C are used in CVD method to grow the graphene on Cu substrate and as a result of electrical conductivity and mechanical properties were evaluated for different outcomes samples in this reasearch. The results revealed to the optimum values for Cu powder/Gr nanocomposite samples were found at 300 cc/min methane flow rate during 45 minutes at 1000 °C, as well as 0.2 mm thickness of Cu wire in the same condition which led these samples to high electrical conductivity, and high hardness rather than Cu pure. The great instruction of graphene growth design and morphology is the cause for increasing electron mobility in the Cu/graphene nanocomposites. As a result, the electrical conductivity of the Cu/Gr nanocomposites is three times higher than the counterpart without graphene growth. Also, the outcomes of this research were found the highest amount of electrical conductivity and hardness value of Cu/Gr nanocomposite are more than other Cu/Gr composites. This study provides a new approach for modification Cu substrate by growth graphene using CVD method in order to high electrical conductivity and high mechanical properties.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114745_fd9c2edc01f72c562b961495cdc02152.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Improvement Mechanical Properties of (Al-Cu-Mg) Alloy by Reinforced Nanoparticles with TiB2 Using Powder Metallurgy Technique15015711474810.22052/JNS.2025.01.014ENKhaldoonHamzahDepartment Of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Al- Qadisiyah, IraqM.AbdulrazzaqDepartment Of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Al- Qadisiyah, IraqHassanM. A.Department Of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Al- Qadisiyah, IraqJournal Article20240917Al-Cu-Mg alloy is a superior corrosion and resistant alloys within the aluminum alloys family. Notwithstanding its commendable corrosion resistance, it has inadequate mechanical qualities, resulting in suboptimal expansion across diverse applications. In this work, samples of (Al-Cu-Mg) alloy reinforced with titanium boride (TiB2) nanoparticles with a length of (90 mm) and a diameter of (10 mm) were synthesis using powder metallurgy technique and powder pressing method. TiB2 nanoparticles were selected with a weight percentage of (1, 3, 5%). The X-ray diffraction, surface morphology, and mechanical properties investigated. The base and composite materials were prepared by powder pressing method using a 10-ton press. Tensile strength, ductility, hardness, and microscopic examinations were performed on the composite, revealing that an increase in the particle size ratio of TiB2 correlates with enhanced tensile strength, reduced ductility, increased hardness, and a uniform distribution of particles relative to the base matrix (Al-Cu-Mg).to the base matrix (Al-Cu-Mg)https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114748_04547e89ab8e6efc15bb155c32c198a3.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles using Eruca Sativa Plant Extracts15816711474910.22052/JNS.2025.01.015ENAbdullah MuhsinHazbarDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqAbdulkadirMohammed Noori JassimDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqMustafaTaha MohammedDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20241009Nanotechnology is the field that encompasses the design, improvement, and execution of components with dimensions ranging from 10 to 100 nanometers. This study demonstrates that green production of nanoparticles (NPs) is aviable alternative to physical and chemical processes. Biotechnologically produced NPs have been increasingly preferred over different methods or means Nanoparticles synthesised using physico-chemical methods face numerous obstacles, such as the utilisation of toxic materials and the generation of hazardous by-products. The utilisation of plant extracts for metal salt creation clearly illustrates that the plant-based (green) synthesis of nanoparticles is not a detrimental method. Green synthesis denotes the process of generating nanoparticles by the use of natural resources, including plant extracts and microorganisms, employing energy-efficient procedures that are cost-effective, non-toxic, and environmentally sustainable. Gold (Au) is deemed suitable for the creation of stable nanoparticles. The physical properties of inorganic nanoparticles are largely dictated by their size and shape. Owing to their distinctive optical and physical properties, goldnanoparticles (AuNPs) have extensive uses in several disciplines. Eruca sativa Mil. (E. sativa), commonly referred to as 'Arugula is', often known as 'a rocket flowers', is a healthy salad green from the Brassicaceae genus. The plant has been documented to exhibit several advantageous therapeutic characteristics, such as antibacterial, anti-oxidants, antiacne, anti-diabetic, antigenotoxic, cancer prevention, analgesics antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, anti-hyperuricemic, and anti-inflammatory activity. So, This Review deals with AuNPs preparation through green methods using plant extract (Eruca Sativa), as well as there characterization with different analytical methods.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114749_0a97b40016edd945abfe54657d4e513f.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101The Impact of Gallium Dopant on the Structure, Surface Morphology, Optical Band Gap and Photoluminescence Properties of ZnO-Polystyrene Nanocomposites16817911475010.22052/JNS.2025.01.016ENSajjad AliAmeenCollege of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqMahmood SalimKarimCollege of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqAdel H.AlkhayattFaculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, IraqCollege of Health and Medical Technology, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, IraqJournal Article20240921The study details the synthesis of un-doped and gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO) (2, 4 and 6) wt% nanoparticles (NPs) via the hydrothermal approaches at a reaction temperature and time of 160 °C and 5 hours respectively. Furthermore, ZnO-polystyrene (PS) and GZO-PS nanocomposite (NCs) films were fabricated using the casting method. The results of X-ray diffraction revealed that both ZnO-PS and GZO-PS nanocomposite films exhibit polycrystalline structures of the ZnO hexagonal wurtzite phase. A broad and low-intensity peak was observed at diffraction angles of approximately (15-23)° related to the noncrystalline peak of polystyrene polymer. The crystalline size and the microstrain were determined utilize the Scherrer and Williamson-Hall methods, showing an increase (26-34) nm and variation with the rise in Ga content. The presence of functional groups in polymer systems was confirmed through (FTIR) spectral analysis. The topographical characteristics of the prepared nanocomposite films indicated that both the roughness and root mean square (r.m.s) roughness increased from 1.89 to 2.31 nm and from 1.54 to 1.87 nm, respectively, with an increase in Ga dopant content. The surface morphology of Zn-PS and GZO-PS nanocomposites revealed nanostructured grains formed by agglomerated particles in the samples. Additionally, varying Ga dopant content altered the density and shape of these unstructured grains. The particle sizes were determined from the corresponding FESEM images, which were about 42 and 46 nm for ZnO-PS and GZO-PS nanocomposites respectively. The GZO-PS nanocomposite clearly demonstrated that the particles are well dispersed within the PS polymeric compounds. The optical absorption edge of ZnO-PS red-shifted and the forbidden direct energy band gap reduced from 4.4 eV to 3.74 eV at a Ga content of 6 wt %. Furthermore, photoluminescence studies of the produced nanocomposite films demonstrated bright blue light emission. The incorporation of GZO nanoparticles into a polystyrene (PS) matrix led to the formation of a nanocomposite exhibiting continuous and intense blue emissions. The integration of GZO nanoparticles into a PS matrix resulted in the creation of a nanocomposite that displays continuous and vibrant blue emissions.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114750_22a3480e2921a1ba6c095b44edd25faa.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Sustainable-Green Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities18018911475110.22052/JNS.2025.01.017ENAlyaa SalahRashidDepartment of Basic Sciences, Collage of Medicine, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, IraqIshrak KhalilIbraheemDepartment of Basic Sciences, Collage of Medicine, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, IraqJumanA. NaserIbn al-Haitham Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Baghdad, IraqSahar SalimMohammadDepartment of Basic Sciences, Collage of Medicine, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, IraqJournal Article20241017Nanoparticles (NPs) display unique characteristics in contrast to conventional physio-chemical synthesis methods, they are utilized in a diverse array of life science fields. Metal nanoparticles synthesized using green methods, primarily derived from plants and herbs, have attracted significant interest because of their inherent properties such as environmental friendliness, quick production, and cost efficiency. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized through an aqueous extraction of Achillea fragrantissima, which served as a reducing agent. Following synthesis, the ZnO-NPs were characterized using a combination of techniques: ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The antioxidant potential of these synthesized ZnO-NPs was assessed using the DPPH assay, with varying concentrations of ZnO-NPs employed. The results demonstrated significant scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 1.09 ± 0.09 mg/ml-1. Furthermore, the disk diffusion method was employed to assess the anti-bacterial efficacy of ZnO-NPs synthesized using green techniques against two pathogenic bacterial strains. The findings revealed that Staphylococcus aureus exhibited the highest susceptibility to the biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), in contrast, Escherichia coli demonstrated the lowest sensitivity among the tested microorganisms. Overall, this research offers biologically synthesized ZnO-NPs as a viable substitute for artificial compounds, showcasing their potential applications as antioxidants and antibacterial agents within the biomedical and pharmaceutical sectors.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114751_001bf61f5c532be96c7199b7c6afba90.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Recent Updates on Chemotherapy of Pt Complexes and Pt Nano-Composites for Breast Cancer Therapy: A Mini-Review19019911476910.22052/JNS.2025.01.018ENBobojonov OtabekKhakimboy UgliDepartment of Fruits and Vegetables, Urganch State University, UzbekistanGhufran LutfiIsmaeelDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, IraqSafaa MustafaHameedDepartment of Optics, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, IraqAli FawziAl-HussainyCollege of Pharmacy, Ahl Al Bayt University, Kerbala, IraqBaydaaAbdAl-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, IraqHadil HussainHamzaDepartment of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, IraqSarahSalah JalalCollege of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, IraqReem MohsinKhalafMazaya University College, IraqJalalova VaziraZamirovnaDepartment Clinic Pharmacology, Bukhara State Medical Institute, UzbekistanJurayeva DilafruzJamurodovnaInternational School of Finance Technology and Science, UzbekistanTovbaeva MukaddamSafarovnaInternational School of Finance Technology and Science, UzbekistanMeliboev RozaliAbdusattor OgliDepartment of Hospital and Faculty Surgery, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, UzbekistanKorshubaevaRano KhazratkulovnaUzbekistan-Finland Pedagogical Institute, UzbekistanJournal Article20240922Breast cancer continues to be one of the most widespread cancers globally, underscoring the need for the ongoing development of treatment strategies to enhance patient outcomes. This review examines the significance of platinum (Pt) complexes and platinum nanocomposites in the chemotherapy of breast cancer, emphasizing their distinct mechanisms of action and potential to improve treatment effectiveness. Conventional chemotherapeutic agents frequently encounter issues such as systemic toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance, challenges that platinum-based compounds, particularly cisplatin and its analogs, seek to mitigate. Recent progress in nanotechnology has facilitated the creation of targeted delivery systems that enhance the bioavailability and localization of platinum compounds at tumor sites, thereby minimizing off-target effects. This review evaluates various studies that investigate the synthesis, characterization, and anticancer mechanisms of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and their composites, including their interactions with breast cancer cell lines and their potential role as radiosensitizers. Furthermore, we explore the combination of platinum-based therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors and other innovative treatments to address resistance mechanisms, especially in aggressive subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The role of personalized medicine, informed by genetic and molecular profiling of tumors, is also discussed in relation to the selection of suitable platinum therapies. By clarifying the current state and future prospects of platinum complexes in breast cancer treatment, this review aims to contribute to ongoing research initiatives and stimulate novel strategies to enhance therapeutic effectiveness and improve patient quality of life.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114769_e043dca4f67f1b8c729f30ff76272ec5.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101The Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Nanostructured V2O5 Thin Films, Studying Their Structural, Optical Properties and Testing as Gas Sensors20020911477210.22052/JNS.2025.01.019ENMohammed AhmedMohammedDepartment of Soil Sciences and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Qadisiyah , Al Diwaniyah, IraqJournal Article20240927The current research aimed to improve the structural, optical, and sensing properties of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) thin films produced via spray pyrolysis on varying substrate temperature (300–500 °C). Findings demonstrate that increasing the temperature drastically enhanced the crystal structure, as demonstrated by increased X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks with the development of orthorhombic crystal structure. An increase in grain size is noted from approximately 16.5 nm at 300 °C to approximately 28.7 nm at 500°C according to the Scherrer equation, with a reduction in density of crystalline dislocations. The films showed quite low absorption in the visible region, with the optical energy gap (Eg) increasing from 3.15 eV to 3.7 eV as the temperature increased. This was attributed to quantum confinement and improved crystal development, and shown by AFM images of atom beam microscopy of a smooth surface with larger grain size and less defect on the surface at higher temperatures. In gas sensing tests, films deposited at 400 °C exhibited very significantly increased sensitivity to propane (C₃H₈) and carbon monoxide (CO) at 150 °C but had the highest sensitivity to nitric oxide (NO) at 50 °C. This is due to the process of redox reaction occurring on the surface of V2O5 in which reducing gases like CO enhance the conductivity by liberating electrons while oxidizing gases like NO lower the conductivity by capturing electrons. The thus research established that substrate temperature control during fabrication is necessary to achieve optimal features of V2O5 with a potential promising application for nonlinear optical devices, lithium batteries, and high-performance, low-cost gas sensors.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114772_d9ae970859c35f4ce99e9a8a8c72251e.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Eco-Friendly and Low-Cost Hydrogel Nanocomposite to Efficiently Remove Textile Dye from Aqueous Solution: Thermodynamics and Regeneration Study21021811477310.22052/JNS.2025.01.020ENNoor AlhudaSabahDepartment of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Al-Muthanna, Al-Samawah, IraqAseelAljeboreeDepartment of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, IraqKhawla K.JasimDepartment of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Al-Muthanna, Al-Samawah, IraqJournal Article20241207Maxilon blue (GRL), a widely used dye in various textile industries, has numerous harmful effects on humans, animals, and the environment. Therefore, it is essential to remove these dyes from drinking water to ensure the health and safety of the aquatic environment. In this study, an environmentally friendly and inexpensive hydrogel adsorbent based on gum (GG) with high adsorption efficiency was used. Three types of non-toxic monomers (N-isopropyl acrylamide, itaconic acid, and acrylic acid) were added to remove MB from aqueous solution. The CS-EGDE/TNP composite was characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET techniques was applied to optimize the adsorption key parameters like contact time (5–60min), concentration of GRL dye (50–300 mg/L), adsorbent dose(0.02–0.08g/L), solution pH (3–10), temperature (10–40°C). The adsorption capacity of hydrogel nanocomposite for GRL dye was 575.55 mg/g at 30°C. Results supported the potential use of hydrogel nanocomposite as an effective adsorbent for the treatment of cationic dye. Hydrogel can be used as a promising material in many industries to reduce economic costs by regenerating more than four consecutive cycles.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114773_caf0a230b016f6b6455ff03bcdc55496.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Lipid Nanoparticles Carrying Gemcitabine and Hyaluronidase for Simultaneous Targeting Of Stroma and Pancreatic Cancer Cells: To Overcome Drug Resistance and Improve Permeability: A Review21922811477910.22052/JNS.2025.01.021ENZaripovBakridinNational University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, UzbekistanАbitovIlnurNavoi State Mining and Technological University, Navoi , UzbekistanNorjigitovAzamatSamarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, UzbekistanRakhmatovaMarkhaboBukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, UzbekistanAkhmedovaGulsaraNational University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, UzbekistanRavshanovZavqiddinTashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov, Tashkent, UzbekistanBerdikulovKhudoyshukurJizzakh State Pedagogical University, Jizzakh, UzbekistanNiyazmetovAzamatUrganch State University, Urganch, UzbekistanJalilovOlimjonJizzakh State Pedagogical University, Jizzakh, UzbekistanZubtiyevSardorTashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, UzbekistanToshmatovFarkhodFergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, UzbekistanAbdurashidovAkhrorFergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, UzbekistanAbdullayevSardorbekFergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, UzbekistanJournal Article20241005Pancreatic cancer’s aggressive biology—marked by drug-resistant phenotypes and a desmoplastic stroma—has long presented formidable barriers to effective treatment. Gemcitabine, a cornerstone chemotherapy for this malignancy, faces clinical limitations due to poor tissue penetration and diminished therapeutic efficacy in the face of these physiological hurdles. Hyaluronidase, an enzyme that disrupts the stromal matrix to enhance drug delivery, offers a partial solution but is constrained by suboptimal targeting and risks of nonspecific tissue effects. Emerging as a transformative approach, multifunctional lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) co-encapsulating gemcitabine and hyaluronidase now promise to address these dual challenges synergistically. Engineered with pH-responsive properties, these “smart” LNPs exploit the acidic tumor microenvironment to achieve spatiotemporally controlled release, enhancing stromal degradation while maximizing intracellular gemcitabine delivery. Preclinical studies leveraging Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) models have shown remarkable tumor growth suppression, underscoring the potential of this combinatorial platform. Nevertheless, key challenges persist, including optimizing nanoparticle stability in protease-rich environments, refining hyaluronidase dosing to balance stromal modulation with off-target toxicity, and ensuring scalable manufacturing. This review critically examines recent breakthroughs in stimuli-responsive LNP design, evaluates translational gaps through the lens of clinical applicability, and proposes forward-looking strategies to advance this paradigm toward personalized, stroma-targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114779_4b2e709d26c3274ddc00d662f711e04b.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Structural and Optical Properties of Mn3O4:NiO Nanostructure Thin Films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis method22923811479310.22052/JNS.2025.01.022ENAli Y.IbrahimDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Diyala, IraqFaisalG. HammoodiDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Diyala, IraqJournal Article20241007Thin films of pure manganese oxide doped with nickel oxide in ratios ( 0, 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 ) % were successfully prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis method. The films were deposited on glass slides at a temperature of 350 °C. The thin films were tested by using X-ray diffraction ( XRD). According to the findings, the produced films possessed a polycrystalline quaternary structure . and all the films Visual tests were also carried out using (UV–Visible). We notice that the transmittance of the prepared films increases with increasing doping rates, and its best value is at 3%, but the absorbance will decrease because the behavior of absorbance is opposite to transmittance. The absorption coefficient, refractive index , and energy gap will increase with the increase in photon energy, as we notice that the energy gap values range between (2.65 – 2.95 ) eV.The extinction coefficient will decrease with increasing photon energy . A study was topographic on the surface of thin films using ( AFM ) and we notice that the roughness values of the thin films will decrease and the root mean square will also decrease.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114793_f11f39487b7403dea5a8f47c7c91aa9b.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Influence of CuO Nanoparticles on the Structural, Optical and Thermal Properties of CMC-PVP Films23924811479410.22052/JNS.2025.01.023ENAws ShukurHussienDepartment of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Tikrit, IraqAdnanRaad AhmedDepartment of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Tikrit, IraqJournal Article20240923Using the precipitation process, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were created at different calcination temperatures of (400, 600, and 800) °C. Polymeric films (CMC-PVP) incorporating (CuO NPs) were fabricated using the casting method with weight ratios of (3, 5, 7, and 9) %. The film’s thickness measured (45±1) µm. The FE-SEM measurements indicated the copper oxide phase is achieved at (400°C), and as the temperature rises, the crystallinity and particle size both increase at (600°C) and (800°C) calcination temperatures, and their propensity for agglomeration and irregular flake-like morphologies<span class="s1">. </span>The optical and thermal characteristics of films reinforced with CuO nanoparticles demonstrate their influence on optical transmittance over the (200-1100) nm wavelength range, alongside a decrease in energy band gap values from 4.90 eV to 4.35 eV and an increase in thermal conductivity (K) of the prepared films with escalating reinforcement ratios.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114794_b2f8af8eac7f0ea72a3057482f02ffb6.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Association Between Silver Nanoparticle Dose and Brain or Renal NF-κB Gene Expression24925411479510.22052/JNS.2025.01.024ENGulboyA. NasirCollege of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, IraqMohammedA. NajmDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, IraqHuda M.MahmoodDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, University of Anbar, IraqJournal Article20240828Several studies have claimed that AgNPs’ safety is not completely verified. The current work studied the CNS and renal genetic abnormalities (as manifested by modifications in NF-<span class="s1">κB</span> transcription) in mice treated with diverse AgNP concentrations. The findings revealed that as the amount of AgNPs was elevated, NF-<span class="s1">κB</span> production increased considerably.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114795_f59dc5d46f9a1eb637de4ea270988376.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Synergistic Effects of Silica Nanoparticles with Cisplatin in Ovarian Cancer Management: A Review25526511480210.22052/JNS.2025.01.025ENImranAslamDepartment of Pharmacology, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, UzbekistanDavlatovSalimDepartment of Faculty and Hospital Surgery, Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, UzbekistanYuldashevaDilnavozDepartment of Pharmacology, Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino. Bukhara, UzbekistanEgamberdievElmurodTashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, UzbekistanSultanovaNafisaDepartment of Propaedeutics of Children Diseases, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, UzbekistanAdilovaZilolakhonSchool of Public Health, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, UzbekistanKurbanovG’olibDepartment of Pathological Physiology, Samarkand State Medical University, UzbekistanKhayitovJamshidDepartment of Fruits and Vegetables, Urganch State University, UzbekistanAxmadjonovaGulhayoFergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, UzbekistanBabadjanovaXursanoyDepartment of Pediatrics, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, UzbekistanNabievaDilfuzaDepartment of Oncology, Center for the Development of Professional Qualifications of Medical Workers, Tashkent, UzbekistanHaydarovDostonDepartment of Pharmacology, Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino. Bukhara, UzbekistanOrzievaOydinaDepartment of Pharmacology, Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino. Bukhara, UzbekistanJournal Article20240912Ovarian cancer remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies, with high recurrence rates and chemoresistance posing significant clinical challenges. Cisplatin, a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent, is limited by systemic toxicity, acquired resistance, and poor tumor targeting. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer promising strategies to enhance cisplatin’s therapeutic profile, with silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) emerging as a versatile platform for targeted drug delivery. This review explores the synergistic effects of SiNPs and cisplatin in ovarian cancer management, emphasizing their combined potential to overcome conventional treatment barriers. SiNPs’ unique properties—including biocompatibility, tunable porosity, and surface functionalization—enable improved cisplatin encapsulation, controlled release, and tumor-specific delivery via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects. Preclinical studies highlight how SiNPs enhance cellular uptake, reduce off-target toxicity, and sensitize resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin by modulating apoptotic pathways and the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, co-delivery systems incorporating SiNPs and cisplatin demonstrate synergistic suppression of tumor growth in vivo, alongside improved pharmacokinetics. Despite these advances, challenges such as long-term biocompatibility, scalability, and regulatory hurdles remain critical barriers to clinical translation. This review synthesizes current evidence, underscores the mechanisms underlying SiNP-cisplatin synergy, and discusses future directions, including stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and combinatorial approaches with immunotherapy. By addressing these interdisciplinary opportunities, SiNP-cisplatin formulations hold transformative potential for personalized ovarian cancer therapy, offering a blueprint for enhanced efficacy and reduced adverse effects in oncology.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114802_94657146dff085ec0a6b56c7a3c13b97.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Novel Pure Aluminium Silicate Nono Particles As Remeniralizing Fillers for Dental Light Cured Composite: Synthesis and Physicomechanical Properties26627511480610.22052/JNS.2025.01.026ENRafidM. AlBadrDepartment of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah, IraqHasanenA. AlNamelDepartment of Prosthodontics Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah, IraqMajedMohamed RefaatDepartment of Prosthodontics Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah, IraqJournal Article20240922This study aimed to assess how the physical and mechanical properties of dental composites are influenced by the characteristics of natural material fillers. We focused on analyzing the filler properties (using XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET, and density) of a selection of glass materials to identify correlations with their physico-mechanical properties and to evaluate the validity of the current classification system. Filler particles measuring less than 500 nm were extracted from five different composites. The surfaces of these fillers were modified with silane before being mixed with a Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (70/30%) resin. We evaluated the physico-mechanical properties of the tested composites, including depth of cure, void content, flexural strength, compressive strength, and fracture toughness. The average size of the fillers was consistently below 1 µm. Flexural strength values ranged from 70.56 to 110.81 MPa, Due to the solid ceramic characteristics of Aluminiumsilicate, certain mechanical properties, like compressibility, may experience a slight increase as the amount of Aluminiumsilicate decreases.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114806_86da1b0a1540e3badbf734b5d65b765b.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Chemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles as a Dynamic Oncoming Antiviral and Antibacterial Therapy27629111480710.22052/JNS.2025.01.027ENWajeeh KachiObeadMiddle Technical University, Institute of Medical Technology, Al-Mansour, IraqRajaa HendiSalihDepartment of Microbiology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, IraqAml HendiSalihMiddle Technical University, Institute of Medical Technology, Al-Mansour, IraqJournal Article20240814Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are essential in treating viruses and bacteria, especially in light of antibiotic resistance. The research aims to manufacture them in a manner that enhances their therapeutic effect. The study utilised UV spectral analysis, zeta potential imaging, dynamics of light scattering (DLS), atomic forces microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and flame-atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAM) to analyse the stability, size and concentration of Ag NPs. The vaccine strain of measles virus (MeV) was cultivated in the Vero/hSLAM cell line, and the tissue culture infective dose 50% (TCID50%) was determined. We then tested the efficacy of various concentrations of Ag NPs in inhibiting the proliferation of different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) of the virus and as an antibacterial agent against specific antibiotic-resistant isolates via the well diffusion method. AgNPs exhibited a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 20 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.245±006 and a diameter variation of 23.06±0.6 nm. The concentration of Ag NPs was 176 µg/ml, and they effectively inhibited the growth of the MeV-inappropriate cell line at varying concentrations and MOIs. Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens were significantly affected by the application of Ag NPs. The measurement of the inhibition zone increased with the concentration of Ag NPs for all tested pathogenic bacteria. The biosynthesized Ag NPs possess the potential to serve as a suitable alternative to commercial antibiotics in controlling resistant bacteria and inhibiting viral infection.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114807_0a7132e3ed288b67299ff9b9a1b12172.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250505Dual-Ligand Liposomes Nano carrier with Cisplatin and Anti-PD-L1 siRNA in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review29230011481210.22052/JNS.2025.01.028ENPulatovSadriddinBukhara State Medical Institute Named After Abu Ali Ibn Sino, Bukhara, UzbekistanRadjabovAkhtamBukhara State Medical Institute Named After Abu Ali Ibn Sino, Bukhara, UzbekistanAkhmedovaMahbubaSamarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, UzbekistanKenjayevSherzodFerghana Medical Institute of Public Health, Republic of UzbekistanRakhimovaGulnoraTashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent, UzbekistanNamozovOrifTashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, UzbekistanArtikovaDilfuzaTashkent Medical Academy, UzbekistanMatkarimovInomjonMamun University, UzbekistanAkhmedovIxtiyorSamarkand State Architecture and Construction University named after Mirzo Ulugbek, UzbekistanAvezimbetovShavkatNukus branch of the Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, livestock and Biotechnologies. UzbekistanBobokulovChoriTermez University of Economics and Service, Termez, UzbekistanJalilovOlimjonJizzakh State Pedagogical University, Jizzakh, UzbekistanDushamovDilshodUrgench State University, Urgench, UzbekistanJournal Article20250505Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive nature, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and resistance to conventional therapies. Immune checkpoint modulation, particularly targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, has shown promise but is limited by systemic toxicity and insufficient tumor-specific delivery. Combining chemotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade offers a synergistic strategy to enhance antitumor efficacy while mitigating immune evasion. This review explores the novel use of dual-ligand liposomes for the co-delivery of cisplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent, and anti-PD-L1 siRNA to simultaneously induce tumor cell death and reverse PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression. By integrating two targeting ligands, these nanocarriers improve tumor specificity, reduce off-target effects, and enhance drug accumulation in HNSCC tissues. Preclinical studies demonstrate that this approach potentiates cisplatin’s cytotoxic effects while silencing PD-L1 to activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes, fostering a durable antitumor immune response. The dual-ligand design addresses key limitations of single-ligand systems, offering a platform for precise, combinatorial therapy. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114812_52f9a5bcb110560881cdf4cc91d02c05.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Au /Cu Nanoparticles with Study the Structural Properties via Effect against Bacteria30130911482110.22052/JNS.2025.01.029ENEman MSuleimanUniversity of Technology, IraqRejwan KIbrahimCentre of Nanotechnology and Advanced Material,University of Technology, IraqAmna KFarajDepartment of Quality Assurance and University Performance, University of Technology, Baghdad, IraqNoor M.SaadoonUniversity of Technology, IraqFadhil AKareemCentral Committee for Scientific Promotions, University of Technology, IraqAhmed JJasimDepartment of Medical Engineering, University of Technology, IraqJournal Article20250915This study uses economical and ecologically friendly techniques to create gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) and copper nan]oparticles (Cu-NPs) utilizing distilled water (DW) solution and the liquid pulse laser ablation (PLAL) technique with a wavelength of 1064 nm and varying laser intensities. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and absorption spectrometry, the characteristics of Au-NPs and Cu NPs as well as Au-CuNPs were investigated. The results indicated that a crystal structure for gold (Fcc) had formed.The appearance of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 523 nm in the UV visible spectrum in the Uv-Vis data demonstrated the creation of Au NPs. Cu NPs and Au NPs nanoparticles (Au-CuNPs) have antibacterial properties against E. coli and Staph aureus. This is because the high surface-to-volume ratio offers provides a more effective means of enhancing bacterial activity as measured by the area of inhibition. <br />provides a more effective means of enhancing bacterial activity as measured by the area of inhibition. There are numerous opportunities to investigate nanoparticles' theranostic role in molecular imaging thanks to recent developments in nanotechnology and nanomaterials. In molecular imaging, gold nanoparticles have been widely used as contrast agents and drug delivery systems. This is because of the exceptional qualities of gold nanoparticles, such as their high chemical stability, facile bioconjugation with different molecules, and outstanding biocompatibility with human cells. Gold nanoparticles can be created using different processes including conventional chemical synthesis, radiation technologies, electrochemical, bio-synthesizing and pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL)https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114821_ee62eb7ca78cb4fd9fbbd7990ce84701.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles via Ralstonia Mannitolilytica: Antimicrobial Activity and Expression of the MexA Gene of Acinetobacter Bumannii31032511482210.22052/JNS.2025.01.030ENRusul JaafarDaheeDepartment of Physiology and Medical Physics, College Of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqMais EmadAhmedDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Jadriya, Baghdad, IraqMazin KamilHamidDepartment of Physiology and Medical Physics, College Of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20240902The main purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) solution against gram-positive, and negative bacteria, and fungi. From ten samples of soil contaminated with petroleum products from various locations in Iraq, fifteen bacterial isolates were identified in the Ralstonia mannitolilytica from a soil sample. Ten isolates of Acinetobacter bumannii were isolated from burns and identified from hospitals in Iraq. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration of (SeNps) against the growth of isolated A. bumannii was determined using the broth dilution method in a microtiter plate via serial dilution of (64, 32, 16, 8, and 4 μg/ml) of the antibacterial a wide of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was used to investigate the inhibitory activity and antifungal capabilities as Candida spp of the SeNPs. Color changes and UV-Vis spectroscopy were applied to confirm the initial synthesis of SeNPs and to explain the results. The presence of spherical SeNPs was demonstrated by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis in conjunction with field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) on the surface of the bacterial biomass and in the supernatant solution. For molecular procedure, the MexA gene was detected in 10 isolates of MDR A. bumannii using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The effect of SeNps on MexA gene expression revealed fold changes in expression (downregulation) in five isolates of MDR A. bumannii and upregulation in only one isolate of. The cytotoxicity of SeNPs by MTT assay showed that nanoparticles caused a decrease in viability of the tumor cell line (OECM-1) in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum inhibition of 24.5%.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114822_460f4ead481e9ab2a76ce6ed003155d8.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Adsorptive Removal of Copper Ions from Water by HCl-Activated Coconut Shell Carbon with Micro/Nanoscale Surface Features32633511482410.22052/JNS.2025.01.031ENHasan SabeehJaburChemistry Department, College of Science, University of Al-Muthana, Al-Muthana, IraqAhmed MesehourRefaasAlmuthana director, Ministry of education, IraqSafaa MustafaHameedDepartment of Optics Technologies, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, IraqUday Abdul-RedaHusseinDepartment of pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, IraqUsama S.AltimariDepartment of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, IraqAseel M.AljeboreeDepartment of chemistry, College of sciences, University of Babylon, IraqAyad FadhilAlkaimDepartment of chemistry, College of sciences, University of Babylon, IraqJournal Article20240928Activated carbon as a micro/Nano surface, a cost-effective adsorbent derived from coconut shells, was utilized to remove Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The preparation process of activated carbon involves using 0.1 N hydrochloric acid followed by carbonization. Several techniques, including FESEM, TEM, and XRD, characterized the activated carbon. The activated carbon exhibited a network of cavities and a mesoporous structure, characterized by a rough surface with irregularly sized pores. Some pores were blocked by carbon and other impurities, such as silicon. The activated carbon’s surface chemistry exhibited various functional groups associated with acidic properties. The adsorption capacity for Cu(II) ions was significantly influenced by factors such as the initial pH of the solution, concentration, contact time, and the mass of the adsorbent. Indicate that as the activated carbon weight increased from 0.01 to 0.1 g, the adsorption capacity for Cu(II) gradually decreased, while the removal rate increased significantly. Endothermic adsorption involves an increase in adsorption that is directly proportional to temperature, resulting from the rise in the number of adsorption sites with increasing temperature. Investigations into equilibrium revealed a Freundlich isotherm model, with R² values greater than 0.9654. This finding indicates that coconut shells can be effectively transformed into activated carbon, which is suitable for removing Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114824_d04010e19098cc56a289e38291e0a11a.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Synthesis and Characterisation of Zein-Coated Magnesium Oxide (zMgO) Nano-Gel33634311482710.22052/JNS.2025.01.032ENBanZuhair AhmedDepartment of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Ashur University, Baghdad, IraqFirasBashir Hashim AL-TaweelDepartment of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Ashur University, Baghdad, IraqAbdalbseet AFatallaDepartment of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq0000-0001-5320-8559Journal Article20241020This pioneering research achieved a breakthrough in the field of zein-based metal oxide (MO) gels with the development of a biocompatible zein-coated magnesium oxide (zMgO) nanoparticle (NP) gel, offering a promising avenue for integration into medical devices and highly efficient drug delivery systems. The research methodology comprised synthesising ultrafine MgO NPs with a zein coating and gel preparations at varying concentrations. The resulting materials were extensively characterised using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force scanning electron microscopy (AF-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping, and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The findings from AF-SEM and EDX mapping revealed a uniform and consistent material dispersion, and WCA measurements indicated a hydrophilic surface characteristic. Additionally, FTIR spectra analysis suggested the absence of unforeseen interactions or the formation of new compounds during the synthesis process or in conjunction with zein. In conclusion, this study introduces a groundbreaking development in the form of zein-coated MO gels known for their biocompatibility. These innovative nanostructures have enormous potential for medical applications and the design of efficient and safe drug delivery systems, promising both effectiveness and safety in various medical, dental contexts.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114827_56cdcebd9fe954e788e96ab59560145f.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Deposition of Graphene Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser Ablation Method Mixed with Chlorophyll Dye on Silicon Nanowire Substrate as a Detector34435711484810.22052/JNS.2025.01.033ENElaf AyadKhadimDepartment of physics, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon ,Hilla, IraqMohammed HamzaAL-MamooriDepartment of physics, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, IraqSaif MohammedHassanDepartment of physics, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, IraqJournal Article20240907Numerous fields find semiconductor nanowires, especially silicon nanowires (SiNWs), appealing due to their distinct electronic characteristic. Accordingly, in this research, A GNPs/Chl./SiNWs nanocomposite was fabricated using laser pulses with a fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm and an energy of 200 mJ/pulse, all at a repetition rate of 5 Hz and 200 pulses. The properties of this nanocomposite were studied through scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR, as well as the optical properties were studied through UV-Vis. Diffused reflectance spectroscopy and Raman spectra of GNPs/Chl./SiNWs nanocomposite. The results show the XRD of GNPs/Chl./SiNWs nanocomposite at pH=3, has cubic silicon structure with the formation of graphene and graphene oxide nanoparticles. Silicon nanowire was prepared by chemical etching (EMACE) technique with a diameter of 137 nm and a length of 400 nm. GNPs/Chl./SiNWs nanocomposite show the graphene is formed in the form of spherical particles with the mean of dimeter of silicon nanowires is about 135.7 nm. FTIR results showed the formation of graphene and graphene oxide. The results reveal that modifying the surface morphology of the Si substrate to form SiNW successfully reduced the reflection loss of incident radiation over a broad spectral range. Also, GNPs/Chl./SiNWs nanocomposite was used in manufacturing a photodetector and all its parameters were calculated with a quantitative efficiency of up to to18.9% at 650 nm.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114848_b190fc8e7bc66d3254a32cdc3ffb62e9.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101The Role of Tannic Acid as Reducing and Capping Agent in Phytosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Anti-Cancer Activity35836911484910.22052/JNS.2025.01.034ENTaha A.AhmedDepartment of Biology, College of Science, AL-Mustainsiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqRaghad DhyeaAbdul JalillDepartment of Biology, College of Science, AL-Mustainsiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqAzhar M.HaleemEnvironmental Research Center, University of Technology, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20241009In the present study, ZnONPs were synthesized using Tannic acid. During phytosynthesis of ZnONPs, the color of the solution changed from colorless to red color. Our analysis of UV test, found that maximum absorption is at 268 nm. The obtained four energy band gaps of 0.85, 1.25, 2.45 and 3 eV Indicate the presence of two quantitative wells. The functional groups present on the surface of TA and ZnONPs were investigated by FTIR analysis, the results found that there were more than five bands in synthesized ZnONPs were shifted towards higher or lower than that found in the standard pure of Tannic acid which is good evidence for the success of the reaction between tannic acid and ZnONPs. The result of XRD analysis found hexagonal structure nanoparticles which have 27.2 nm calculating by Sherrer equation. The size which measured by AFM was 38.18 nm, root mean square (Sq) was 18.28 nm, maximum height 162.4 nm, Arithmetic mean height 3.84 nm. SEM image of ZnONPs found rod shape particles. The prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles were assessed for their toxicological effect on the human skin squamous carcinoma cell line (HSSC) in pass 27 and human oral squamous carcinoma cell line (HOSC) in pass 22. For HSSC cell line, the IC50 was 200, 200, and 150 µg/mL for the periods of incubation of 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. For HOSC cell line, the IC50 was 225, 182, and 167 µg/mL for the periods of incubation of 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. It is evident from the results that the higher concentration of ZnONPs found to inhibit mitotic index, blastogenic index and caused chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114849_66e65e9dbf892aa0de8b84e6f7cacb31.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Investigating the Cytotoxic Effect of Tannic Acid Modified Silver Nanoparticles: in Vitro Assessment on MDCK Cell Lines37038611485010.22052/JNS.2025.01.035ENRuoa H.KareemDepartment of biology , College of Science for Women , University of Babylon , IraqSama J.AL-ZuwainiDepartment of biology , College of Science for Women , University of Babylon , IraqZainab A.TolaifehDepartment of biology , College of Science for Women , University of Babylon , IraqJournal Article20240922Background: Tannic acid plays a significant role in modifying silver nanoparticles due to its unique properties and functionalities. Objective(s) : In this work, demonstrate the tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles exhibit different cytotoxicity compared to other silver nanoparticles due to the presence of the tannic acid coating. The tannic acid modification with silver nanoparticles can decrease their ability to inhibit the proliferation of MDCK cells line. Tannic acid itself has antioxidant properties and can scavenge free radicals, which may help mitigate the cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: A green biosynthesis was used to prepare successful product and establish a tannic acid and silver nanoparticles (TA-AgNPs). TA-AgNPs was prepared in several concentrations (3.1, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50) μg/mL and evaluated for cytotoxicity effect in vitro normal MDCK cell line. on the surface of silver nanoparticles tannic acid was effectively modified and characterized via UV Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, AFM, XRD, SEM and TEM. Results: The observations with SEM indicated that produced TA-AgNPs had a spherical shape with a mean particle size of 13.55±5.9 nm. The cytotoxic effect and The anti-proliferative activity of TA-AgNPs treated MDCK cells showed the TA-AgNPs have less cytotoxicity and high bioavailability rate (90.66±0.7212) than AgNPs (90.65±0.8864)in the same concentration (50 μg/mL). Conclusion: This study revealed that tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles have a highly effective metal nanoparticles with promising new applications. Because of its significant unique properties, tannic acid may be referred to as the cross-linker in the future.https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114850_3f79348699371ebedc0e404ca58dca04.pdfUniversity of KashanJournal of Nanostructures2251-787115120250101Biosynthesis of Manganese Nanoparticle by using Milk Thristle (Silybum Marianum) Seeds Extract and Role in Carcarcinoma Cell Line38739611486110.22052/JNS.2025.01.036ENLinda FawziAbdul-SattarIndustrial Applications and Material Technology Research Center, Scientific Research Commission,
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, IraqSuhaibRaad QasimMedical Laboratory Technique Department, College Of Health and Medical Techniques, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Al–Bayan University, Baghdad, IraqAhmedThamer WaliIndustrial Applications and Material Technology Research Center, Scientific Research Commission,
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20240908Silybum marianum, commonly known as milk thistle, is a botanical species that has been utilized in various traditional medicinal practices and is regarded as a promising ancient herb. The objective of the current investigation was to synthesize and characterize MnO nanoparticles utilizing milk thistle seed extract. The production of MnO2 nanoparticles was accomplished through the combination of manganese acetate and a heated aqueous extract derived from dry milk thistle seeds. The MnO nanoparticles that were produced underwent characterization through various analytical techniques including UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. According to the findings of the investigations mentioned above, the produced MnO nanoparticles are spherical and 55 nm in size. The present study aimed to investigate the potential anticancer properties of Mn NPs and milk thistle seed extract against human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-468). The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were determined to be 32.4𝜇g/mL after 48 hours of incubation. The Mn NP nanoparticles that have been synthesized exhibit noteworthy anti-cancer properties. The present study introduces a new environmentally sustainable approach for the synthesis of nanomaterials that possess enhanced or additional therapeutic properties originating from herbal sources. The biocompatibility and non-toxic characteristics exhibited by Mn NPs make them a suitable choice for employment in the field of biomedical applications. Despite this, it has been observed that Mn nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxic properties against cancerous cells, rendering them particularly advantageous for employment in the fields of cancer diagnosis and treatment. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114861_878057a322924e33fbecfbcaa80558ed.pdf