University of Kashan Journal of Nanostructures 2251-7871 15 3 2025 07 01 Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin Detection using CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles Decorated on Ionic Liquid Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanosheets (CoFe2O4-NP-IL-GO) 1519 1531 115157 10.22052/JNS.2025.03.064 EN Laziz Jumayev Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Mukhlisa Kasimova Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Ozoda Jo'rayeva Bukhara State University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Yakutkhon Madjidova Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Nurbek Radjabov Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Dilobarbonu Abdukodirova Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Chirchik, Uzbekistan Zarina Aliyeva Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute, Bukhara, Republic of Uzbekistan Mohigul Xolova Termez State Pedagogical Institute, Termez, Uzbekistan Nazira Khabibova Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Bunyod Kendjaev Urganch Innovation University, Urgench, Republic of Uzbekistan Maqsad Matyakubov Urganch State University, Urganch, Uzbekistan Bakayev Ziyovuddinxon Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Uzbekistan Inomjon Matkarimov Mamun University, Khiva, Uzbekistan Journal Article 2025 04 09 In this research, we reported a rationally engineered nanocomposite, CoFe2O4-NP-IL-GO, for rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of tetracycline (TC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) in real matrices. The material combines three complementary domains: (i) CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles to enable fast magnetic preconcentration and facile recovery from 10 mL samples, (ii) ionic-liquid-functionalized graphene oxide (IL-GO) to provide π–π, electrostatic, and hydrogen-bonding interactions that enhance analyte binding, and (iii) covalently grafted 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) to tune interfacial environments for selective enrichment of TC (protonated amine) and CIP (aromatic core). The composite is synthesized in a modular sequence to preserve GO surface area (>400 m2 g−1) and high magnetization (~43 emu g−1 in bare CoFe2O4, ~23 emu g−1 after decoration), enabling rapid (<30 s) magnetophoretic separation. D-µSPE coupled to HPLC-DAD yields sub-ppb detection limits (TC: 0.7 µg L−1; CIP: 0.9 µg L−1) with wide linear ranges (5–500 µg L−1) and excellent precision (RSD ≤ 4.1%). Real-sample validation in tap water, hospital wastewater, and bovine milk shows recoveries of 90–104% with minimal matrix effects. Reuse over 15 cycles retains >95% recovery. The closed-loop process minimizes environmental release, and the sorbent demonstrates favorable stability and scalability for routine environmental and food safety monitoring. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_115157_f1af5dd9e617f7cde36837450d557961.pdf