University of Kashan Journal of Nanostructures 2251-7871 15 1 2025 05 05 Dual-Ligand Liposomes Nano carrier with Cisplatin and Anti-PD-L1 siRNA in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review 292 300 114812 10.22052/JNS.2025.01.028 EN Pulatov Sadriddin Bukhara State Medical Institute Named After Abu Ali Ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Radjabov Akhtam Bukhara State Medical Institute Named After Abu Ali Ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Akhmedova Mahbuba Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan Kenjayev Sherzod Ferghana Medical Institute of Public Health, Republic of Uzbekistan Rakhimova Gulnora Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Namozov Orif Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Artikova Dilfuza Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan Matkarimov Inomjon Mamun University, Uzbekistan Akhmedov Ixtiyor Samarkand State Architecture and Construction University named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan Avezimbetov Shavkat Nukus branch of the Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, livestock and Biotechnologies. Uzbekistan Bobokulov Chori Termez University of Economics and Service, Termez, Uzbekistan Jalilov Olimjon Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Jizzakh, Uzbekistan Dushamov Dilshod Urgench State University, Urgench, Uzbekistan Journal Article 2025 05 05 Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive nature, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and resistance to conventional therapies. Immune checkpoint modulation, particularly targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, has shown promise but is limited by systemic toxicity and insufficient tumor-specific delivery. Combining chemotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade offers a synergistic strategy to enhance antitumor efficacy while mitigating immune evasion. This review explores the novel use of dual-ligand liposomes for the co-delivery of cisplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent, and anti-PD-L1 siRNA to simultaneously induce tumor cell death and reverse PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression. By integrating two targeting ligands, these nanocarriers improve tumor specificity, reduce off-target effects, and enhance drug accumulation in HNSCC tissues. Preclinical studies demonstrate that this approach potentiates cisplatin’s cytotoxic effects while silencing PD-L1 to activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes, fostering a durable antitumor immune response. The dual-ligand design addresses key limitations of single-ligand systems, offering a platform for precise, combinatorial therapy.  https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114812_52f9a5bcb110560881cdf4cc91d02c05.pdf