University of Kashan Journal of Nanostructures 2251-7871 14 1 2024 01 01 The Role of Nanoparticles in Gene Therapy: A Review 48 64 114449 10.22052/JNS.2024.01.005 EN Shaima Rabeea Banoon Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq Duaa Saleh Mahdi Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq Narjas Ali Gasaem Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq Zahraa Abed Hussein Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq Abdolmajid Ghasemian Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran Journal Article 2023 09 01 Nanotechnology helps design innovative and effective medicine delivery methods. Different particle characteristics are used in targeted delivery to elicit therapeutic responses. Recently, gene therapy nanoparticles have interested researchers. Regardless of their different atomic structures, they can penetrate cell walls effectively. Encapsulating various genetic materials for treatment has resulted in effective cellular uptakes. Nanoparticles have some unique properties in biological and non-biological systems, and the alteration of some physical and chemical properties of materials, such as their toxicity, has put nanomaterials in the focus of researchers. In addition to its main properties, shredded nanoparticles and their effects on surface properties can be formed into materials with important and sometimes different biological activities. These particles also have properties of the surface causing those biological responses such as inflammatory effects, DNA damage, cytotoxicity, hormonal changes, and so on. Changes in the biological effects of particles are due to: (1) nanoparticles are closely linked to the biological system and thus can easily enter the biological system of the cells; (2) their structural properties, which suddenly change when nanoparticles lose their capacity. Because of this, these particles have biological impacts on biological systems and are employed in cancer therapy, plant hormone operation, gene transfer, cell labeling, organic absorption, imaging, and more. To innovate, nanoscience research must be Manus. In an attempt to show the amazing advances in gene therapy, this review will define gene therapy and the vital role of nanoparticles in packaging and transferring genes for cancers. https://jns.kashanu.ac.ir/article_114449_cd58808b66a75aafd086586f39d240ba.pdf